Shock spikes that are not properly dampened or absorbed can result in leakage and damage to the lines and components in the system. Pressure transducers are normally used to record pressure spikes. Since the average duration of a shock spike is 25 milliseconds, the pressure gauge cannot respond fast enough to give an accurate indication. When a pressure spike occurs in the system, the pressure can increase four or five times above the normal operating pressure. Oil will only compress one-half of a percent when pressurized to 1,000 psi. Unlike air, hydraulic oil is generally considered to be non-compressible. Shock can also occur when an external force acts on a hydraulic cylinder or motor. In systems above 3,000 psi, the flow rate can be as high as 30 feet per second. The oil flow rate in the pressure line of systems below 3,000 psi is usually 15-20 feet per second. Hydraulic shock occurs when oil rapidly starts or stops flowing in a hydraulic system.
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